Study of the Phase-Metric Control Method in Geodynamic Monitoring Systems of Natural-Technical Systems

The article considers the problem of increasing the efficiency of geodynamic monitoring of natural-technical systems for forecasting hazardous processes. The aim of the work is to develop and study a new phase-metric geoelectric method based on the recording and analysis of phase shifts of an artificial geoelectric field. The scientific novelty lies in the application of coherent processing of phase components of an elliptically polarized field generated by multi-pole sources with quadrature signals, as well as in the use of algorithms for automatic compensation of phase distortions in the path of generating probing signals based on direct digital synthesizers. A mathematical model of the phase component of the field was developed, a hardware and software system was created, and a series of experiments were conducted. Model laboratory studies confirmed the possibility of detecting anomalies with phase shifts of the order of 0.1°–0.6° against a background of seismoacoustic interference, which is unattainable for standard seismic sensors. Field tests in a karst-prone area demonstrated the registration of both man-made (vibrations from the gas pipeline) and natural (tidal deformations) geodynamic variations. It is shown that the phase-metric method has significantly higher sensitivity and noise immunity compared to traditional approaches, which makes it promising for solving problems of early warning of dangerous geodynamic events.